The three intertwined triangles of the Wotan's knot symbolize the structure of the Germanic cosmos. The triangles embody the three planes Asgard (world of the gods), Midgard (world of humans), and Utgard (underworld). The nine corners represent the nine worlds Asgard, Midgard, Hel, Jötunheim, Lichtalfheim, Muspelheim, Wannaheim, Swartalfheim, and Niflheim.
Furthermore, the Wotan's knot is also a sign of fate. Like the three Norns, it represents the past, present, and future.
Historically, the Valknut is documented, for example, by the 7th-century Tängelgårda image stone. The Wotan's knot is also depicted on the Stora Hammar Runestone.
The Wotan's knot can be found on the Stora Hammar image stone from Gotland, Sweden.
The depicted ship of the dead, with Valkyries possibly standing on it, carries the deceased to Valhalla.
In addition, the depiction suggests the Blood Eagle (Blutaaer) torture and execution method. –
However, it is partly controversial whether this type of execution existed, or whether this type of torture is an invention of imaginative Christian brains to portray Vikings as brutal bloodthirsty beasts, or whether this type of torture actually existed with the help of psychoactive herbs, mushrooms, and narcotics.
The guardian of the Gjöll river (river of death) is Modgudr, who stands on the Gjallarbrú, the bridge to the underworld Hel.
The name Modgudr is composed of the Old Norse noun "mord" (ecstasy / rage / enthusiasm) and the syllable gud (god).
Modgudr is thus a goddess of ecstasy, just as Odin is the god of the dead and god of ecstasy. The ferryman on the river could also be Odin, as a companion on the journey to the afterlife.
Many image stones and fragments convey insights into the religious history of Norse mythology. It will certainly take decades of scientific work, if it is even possible, to get a clear picture of everything.
The Midgard Serpent "Jörmungandr", known from the Edda: Thor's fishing trip. Thor lured the Midgard Serpent with an ox head.
Just as he is about to strike it with his hammer, the anxious giant Hymir cuts the line.